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電力系統

電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統是(shi)由發電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠、送變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路、供配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所和(he)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)等環(huan)節組成(cheng)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)生(sheng)產(chan)與(yu)消費系統。它的(de)功能(neng)(neng)是(shi)將自然界(jie)的(de)壹次能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)通過發電(dian)(dian)(dian)動力裝置轉(zhuan)化成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)，再經輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)、變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)供應到各用戶(hu)。為(wei)實現(xian)這壹功能(neng)(neng)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統在各個(ge)環(huan)節和(he)不同層次還具有相(xiang)應的(de)信息與(yu)控(kong)制(zhi)系統，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)過程進行測量、調(diao)節、控(kong)制(zhi)、保護、通信和(he)調(diao)度，以保證用戶(hu)獲得安(an)全、優質的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統的主體結構有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源（水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站、火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠、核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站等(deng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠），變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)（升壓變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)、負(fu)荷(he)(he)中心變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)等(deng)），輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路和(he)(he)負(fu)荷(he)(he)中心。各電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源點還互相聯接以實現不同地區之間的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)交換和(he)(he)調節，從(cong)而(er)提(ti)高供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的安全性和(he)(he)經(jing)濟性。輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路與變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)構成的網(wang)絡(luo)通常稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力網(wang)絡(luo)。

建築電氣

隨著經濟的發(fa)展，城市建設日新月異，現代建築內部辦公專業設施齊(qi)全(quan)，自動化程度(du)高，為了(le)保(bao)證現代建築電(dian)氣整(zheng)體運行的可(ke)靠性、安全(quan)性及智能(neng)化設備的先進性，電(dian)氣工程中的強、弱電(dian)系統安裝(zhuang)方法(fa)和安裝(zhuang)質(zhi)量至關重(zhong)要(yao)。

工業控制系統

隨著企(qi)(qi)業(ye)信息(xi)(xi)網(wang)絡的深入(ru)應(ying)用與日臻完善，現場控(kong)制(zhi)信息(xi)(xi)進(jin)入(ru)信息(xi)(xi)網(wang)絡實(shi)(shi)現實(shi)(shi)時監控(kong)是必(bi)然的趨勢。為提高企(qi)(qi)業(ye)的社會效益(yi)和(he)經濟效益(yi)，許多企(qi)(qi)業(ye)都在盡力建立全方位(wei)的管(guan)理(li)信息(xi)(xi)系(xi)統，它必(bi)須包括生產現場的實(shi)(shi)時數(shu)據(ju)信息(xi)(xi)，以確保實(shi)(shi)時掌握生產過程的運行狀(zhuang)態(tai)，使企(qi)(qi)業(ye)管(guan)理(li)決(jue)策科學化(hua)，達(da)到生產、經營、管(guan)理(li)的最優化(hua)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。信息(xi)(xi)壹控(kong)制(zhi)壹體化(hua)將為實(shi)(shi)現企(qi)(qi)業(ye)綜(zong)合自動化(hua)CIPA（computerintegratedplantautomation）和(he)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)信息(xi)(xi)化(hua)創造有(you)利條件。
企業信(xin)(xin)息網(wang)絡與控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)統在(zai)體系(xi)結構(gou)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)過程上的(de)相似(si)性(xing)不(bu)是(shi)偶然的(de)。在(zai)計(ji)算(suan)機控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)統的(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)過程中，每壹種結構(gou)的(de)控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)統的(de)出(chu)現(xian)總是(shi)滯(zhi)後(hou)(hou)於相應(ying)(ying)計(ji)算(suan)機技術(shu)的(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。實(shi)際上，大(da)多(duo)數情況下，正(zheng)是(shi)在(zai)計(ji)算(suan)機領(ling)域(yu)壹種新技術(shu)出(chu)現(xian)以後(hou)(hou)，人們才開始研究如何將這(zhe)種新技術(shu)應(ying)(ying)用於控(kong)制(zhi)領(ling)域(yu)。鑒於兩種應(ying)(ying)用環境的(de)差異(yi)，其中的(de)技術(shu)細(xi)節作(zuo)了(le)適(shi)當修改和補充，但關(guan)鍵技術(shu)的(de)原理及(ji)實(shi)現(xian)上，它們有許多(duo)共同(tong)的(de)地(di)方(fang)。正(zheng)是(shi)由(you)於二者在(zai)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)過程中的(de)這(zhe)種關(guan)系(xi)，使得實(shi)現(xian)信(xin)(xin)息壹控(kong)制(zhi)壹體化成(cheng)為可能。